Extreme Universe
Space Observatory
Second EUSO SOWG Meeting
Scientific Objective Working Group (SOWG) Meeting
Paris, Observatoire de Paris, 2-3 May 2003
The Second EUSO Scientific Objective Working Group Meeting will be held in Paris at Observatoire de Paris, on Friday 2 May and Saturday 3 May, 2003.
The meeting will take place at the Salle du Conseil in the Bâtiment Perrault (historic building) in the beautiful parisian campus of Observatoire de Paris (built on orders from Colbert and to plans by Claude Perrault from 1667 to 1672).
NASA has approved the US EUSO proposal to proceed into Phase B, provided ESA decides to proceed with the mission into Phase B. These are very good news and an important step towards the success of EUSO.
The Second SOWG Meeting will be focused on the definition of the Science Report that will be the basis of the final EUSO Phase A document.
The final Phase A Report will be discussed at the “ Third EUSO General meeting ” in Huntsville, Alabama, USA for the week of May 19-23, 2003. The final EUSO report will be submitted to ESA in June.
Topics discussed at the Second SOWG Meeting include : scientific objectives and the importance of EUSO. EECR Current Observational Status, EECR Current Theoretical Status . Instrumentation. EECR Origin : Bottom up scenarii, Top down scenarii, Bottom up vs Top down scenarii. Propagation of EECR. Test of fundamental physics. EE neutrino Physics. Horizontal neutrino shower.
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The entrance of the Observatoire de Paris is at 77, Avenue Denfert-Rochereau, Paris 75014.
[Notice that this differs from the postal address: 61, Avenue de l'Observatoire, Paris 75014, although they are nearby].
The nearest metro station is Denfert-Rochereau (100 m. approx). The RER station Port Royal is about the same distance. You can also reach the Observatoire with the buses 38, 91, 83 and Orlybus.
From the entry at 77, Avenue Denfert-Rochereau, once inside Observatoire, to reach Bâtiment Perrault enter the campus following the straigth road going to the old Coudé building and coupoles (the way one sees new “ Bâtiment B ”, and old “ Ateliers des Artistes ”) and continue the road (on the left) till the open central path from which (bordered by the trees), the monumental front south main entry of Perrault building is seen. The “ Salle du Conseil ” is just at the left of the front south entry. “ Grande Galerie ” is aside facing Salle du Conseil. (is easy to find, and indications are placed.)
Participants may have lunch at the Observatoire Cafeteria. It is located in the ground floor of Bâtiment B. Tickets will be on sale on Friday morning.
The Observatoire Cafeteria is closed on Saturdays and Sundays.
Some Restaurants near Observatoire are listed below.
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HOW TO REACH PARIS OBSERVATORY
Longitude: 2°20’ East
Latitude: 48°50’ North
Entry: 77, Avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris
Subway Station : Denfert-Rochereau or Port Royal
Bus 38, 83 or 91 , stop at Observatoire Port-Royal
From Roissy (Charles de Gaulle) airport: Taxi or
Take the RER B (fast subburban train) up to Denfert-Rochereau
From Orly airport: Taxi or
Two solutions: 1.cheaper (Bus) or 2. faster and secure (Orly Val)
1. Take the OrlyBus up to Denfert-Rochereau or
2. Take the OrlyVal up to antony then take RER B direction Paris up to Denfert-Rochereau
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NEARBY HOTELS
Hotel du Midi, 4, Av. René Coty, Paris 75014. Metro : Denfert-Rochereau
tel. 33(0).14327-2325. fax 33(0).14321-2458.
Double room, with shower, WC and TV. Double room with bathtube, WC and TV.
Breakfast.
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Hotel Beauvoir, 43, Av. George Bernanos, Paris 75005,
tel. 33(0).14325-5710, fax-33(0).14354-3187.
Single room. Double room. Twin double rooms. With shower, WC and TV (in double rooms).
Breakfast.
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Hotel Pierre Nicole, 39, rue Pierre-Nicole, Paris 75005,
Tel.33 (0).1 4354-7686, fax 33(0).14354-2245.
Single room. Double room. With shower, WC and TV in all rooms.
Breakfast.
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A FEW CHEAPER ACCOMODATIONS NOT FAR FROM THE OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS:
Hotel Floridor, 28, place Denfert-Rochereau, Paris 75014.
Tel. 33(0)1-4321-3553. Fax 33(0)1-4327-6581.
Single room. Double room. With shower, WC and TV. Breakfast.
Hotel des Voyageurs, 22 rue Boulard (near rue Daguerre), Paris 75014. (Near place Denfert-Rochereau). Metro station: Denfert-Rochereau
Tel:(33-1) 43 21 08 20
Single room. Double room. Studio. With shower, WC and TV in all rooms. Breakfast.
Hotel de l'Espérance, 1, rue Grancey, Paris 75014. (Near place Denfert-Rochereau).
Tel. 33(0)1-4321-4104.
Single and double rooms with TV, shower and lavatory. Without shower in the room. Breakfasop
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Colegio de España, Cité Universitaire de Paris,
7e Boulevard Jourdan, 75014 PARIS, Metro RER Station: Cité Universitaire.
Tel: 33(0) 1 40 78 32 00, Fax: 33(0) 1 45 80 39 58. colesclu@msh-paris.fr
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Fundación Argentina in the Cité Universitaire.
19, Boulevard Jourdan, Paris 75014, Metro RER Station Cité Universitaire.
Tel. 33(0)144162900, Fax 33(0)144162905.
Single room with lavatory.
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NEARBY RESTAURANTS
La Contre-allée, 83, Av. Denfert-Rochereau. Tel. 014354-9986. Closed Saturday noon and Sunday.
French cuisine. Recommended dishes: Salmon Tartare (raw fish), salmon with sesame grains, veal liver poelé and chocolate fondant. Two well conceived menus combined with à la carte: 28 and 34 euros.
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Swann & Vincent , 22, pl. Denfert-Rochereau. Tel. 014321-2259. Closed Sunday.
Italian restaurant, Recommended dishes: Tomates mozzarella, vegetables soup (excellent passato di peperoni), fusili con curry, taglioni alle gambe, roasted saint-pierre fish and tiramisu, à la carte 24 euros.
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La Closerie des Lilas, 171, boulevard Montparnasse. Tel. 014326-7050.
Formerly a Café littéraire had as customers Baudelaire, Verlaine, Gide, Jarry, Apollinaire, Modigliani, Hemingway, Lenin and probably Trotsky. Keeps a litterary crowd of customers like Philippe Sollers. The present chef Jean-Pierre Cassagne has renovated the house and the excellent meals. Besides the restaurant there is `brasserie' where meals are also served. Menu 38 euros (including wine), à la carte 76 euros.
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Les Petites Sorcières, 12, rue Liancourt. Tel. 014321-9568.
Closed on saturdays and thursdays for lunch, and sunday. Terrasse. Parisian bistrot. Recommended dishes: Tartare of Saint-Jacques with asparagus, braised filet of cod (cabillaud), roasted rabbit leg, strawberries gratin. Pleasent atmosphere. Menus: 18 euros (lunch) and à la carte 25 euros.
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L'Observatoire, 63, Av. Denfert-Rochereau (corner of rue Cassini).
Simple restaurant. It is also a Bar, Café and Brasserie.
Two `formules' at 74 ff and 89 ff, respectively. Menu 150 ff. Large choice of dishes.
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L'OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS : A BRIEF HISTORY
It is the oldest observatory still serving.
In 1665 the physicist and astronomer Auzout convinced Colbert and Louis XIV to construct `l'Observatoire Royale'. It is built without wood (to avoid fire) or metal (to avoid magnetic disturbances). At the summer solstice of 1667, the orientation (north-south) is traced in its place by members of the Académie Royale.
Claude Perrault (the architect of the Louvre Colonnade) projected the building and directed its construction. It was finished in 1672. It is a large rectangle (31 m x 29 m) with its four faces oriented with the cardinal points of the compass. The latitude of the south face defines the Paris latitude (48° 50' 11''). The meridian line passing through its center defines the Paris longitude.
The foundations are as deep (27 m) as high is the building itself. The Observatoire is in charge of the French legal time: UTC(OP) and of the Central Bureau of the International Earth Rotation Service.
In 1933, the first speaking clock in the world started to give the accurate time by telephone (tel. 3699) from the ground floor of the Observatoire. The basement of the Observatoire is connected with the Paris catacombs (visits forbidden). The catacombs consist of 65 km of underground galleries.
First, at the head of the Observatoire de Paris was Jean-Dominique Cassini (Cassini I), born in Italy in 1625. He was followed by his son Jacques (Cassini II), his grand-son César-François and his grand-grand-son Jean-Dominique.
The Observatoire was later leaded by Joseph Jerôme Lefrançois de Lalande, Pierre-André Méchain, François Arago (1843-1853), Urbain Le Verrier (1854-1870 and 1873-77) and other distinguished personalities.
Further illustrious scientists worked at the Observatoire like Jean-Baptiste Delambre, Charles Marie de La Condamine and Pierre Simon de Laplace.
One can mention as principals scientific works made in the Observatoire:
The map of the Moon by Cassini I that was the best till the photography was invented.
The discovery of the gap in the Saturne ring by Cassini I and the table of the satellites of Jupiter movements that allowed the danish astronomer Olaüs Römer to show that the speed of light was finite and compute approximately, for the first time in 1676 while he was working at the Observatoire.
Jacques Cassini discovered the proper motion of Arcturus, showing the first that the stars were not fixed.
César-François and Jean-Dominique (IV) Cassini made the first modern map of France from 1750 to 1790.
The units of mass (gramme) and length (meter) were defined following measurements (along the France meridian) and researches made at the Observatoire. Lavoisier worked here on the mass unit.
Arago introduced here the photography in astronomy. In 1845 Hyppolite Fizeau and Léon Foucault obtained the first daguerreotype of the sun.
Foucault in 1850-51 showed manifestly the rotation of the earth with his pendulum hanging in the salle Cassini (after a first experiment at his home, and before the demonstration at the Panthéon).
The works by Le Verrier lead to the discovery of Neptune. His tables of sun and planets positions were used for more than one century. Discrepancies remarked by him between the calculated and observed orbit of Mercury were only solved with the advent of general relativity.
The three main halls in the Observatoire are the `Grande Gallerie' and the `Salle du Conseil' in the ground floor and the Cassini hall in the first floor. In the `Salle du Conseil' are displayed the portraits of Laplace, Le Verrier, Lalande, Arago, Delambre, as well as other distinguished scientists and the one of Louis XIV.
At present the Observatoire de Paris owns three campuses: Paris, the Meudon astrophysics section and the radioastronomy station at Nançay. More than 700 scientists, technicians and administrative staff work there.
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Nearby Historic Monuments
The Observatory Fountain (1873) by Davioud is known for its decoration of the four quarters of the globe by Carpeaux (Oceania was omitted for symmetry reasons).
Before the Closerie des Lilas café stands the statue of Marshal Ney by François Rude (1853). Ney was shot nearby in 1815 for his support of Napoleon. Rodin said that this was the nicest statue in Paris.
Inside the Baudelocque Maternity (123, boulevard Port Royal) remain some buildings from the Port Royal abbey. There is the nuns chapel (constructed by Le Pautre, 1646-47), the cloister (1652-55) and the hôtel d'Atry. The benedictian nuns of Saint Bernard were there from 1626 till 1664 when Louis XIV dispersed them due to their jansenist ideas. Afterwards Visitandins nuns stay there till the French revolution. It become then a prison (Lavoisier was jailed here) and a Maternity since 1818.
In the middle of the place Denfert-Rochereau is a small bronze version of Bartholdi's Lion in commemoration of colonel Denfert-Rochereau successful defence of Belfort against the prussians in 1870-71.
In 1, Place Denfert-Rochereau there is the entrance of the Paris Catacombs. Several million skeletons are stored inside. The headquarters of the Résistance - F.F.I. (Interior French Forces) of the Ile-de-France commanded by colonel Henri Rol-Tanguy were here, inside the catacombs during the liberation of Paris in August 1944.
The elegant and vast hôtel Massa, (38, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques) was built in 1784 on the Champs-Elysées at the present location of the Virgin Megastore. The duke of Richelieu, the count Marescalchi and the duke of Massa lived there. In 1928 was moved here. It belongs to the Men of Letters Society.
Honoré de Balzac lived from 1829 to 1834 at the house in 6, rue Cassini. He wrote there `Eugénie Grandet', `Le Père Goriot' and may be `La Peau de Chagrin'.
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International School of Astrophysics 'D.Chalonge'